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Id: 19873 Author: Rojas-Espinosa, Oscar; Camarena-Servin, Veronica; Estrada-Garcia, Iris; Arce-Paredes, Patricia; Wek-Rodriguez, Kendy. Title: Mycobacterium lepraemurium, a well-adapted parasite of macrophages: I. Oxygen metabolites. Source: Int. J. Lepr;66(3):365-373, Sept. 1998. tab, graf. Abstract: We measured the release of reactive oxygen intermediaries [ROI (hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion)] by murine peritoneal macrophages challenged in vitro with Mycobacterium lepraemurium (MLM), complement-opsonized yeast, M. bovis BCG, M. phlei, or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). We found that except for MLM, all of the other materials provoked the release of significant amounts of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide. MLM entered the macrophages without triggering their oxidative metabolism. Pre-infection of macrophages with MLM did not alter these cells' capacity to release the normal amounts of ROI in response to other microorganisms or PMA. Killing of MLM did not revert the macrophages' failure to release ROI upon ingestion of the microorganism, nor were macrophages able to produce these toxic metabolites when pre-incubated in the presence of murine gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). MLM has several attributes that allow it to survive within macrophages: a) it is a nontoxigenic microorganism (it does not harm its host), b) it resists the harsh conditions of the intraphagolysosomal milieu (a property perhaps dependent on its thick lipidic envelope), and c) it penetrates the macrophages without triggering their oxidative response (thus avoiding the generation of the toxic intermediaries of oxygen). For these attributes (and others discussed in this paper), we recognize MLM as a highly evolved, well-adapted parasite of macrophages. In addition, the results of the present study prompted the analysis of the biochemical pathways used by MLM and M. bovis BCG to penetrate into their cellular hosts, a subject now under investigation in our laboratory. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Macrófagos Peritoneais/ef drogas Macrófagos Peritoneais/metab Macrófagos Peritoneais/microbiol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/fisiol Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n3/v66n3a07.pdf / en Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19626 Author: Rojas-Espinosa, Oscar; Segura, Ruben Marroquin; Rodriguez, Kendy Wek; Reyes-Maldonado, Elba; Paredes, Patricia Arce. Title: Susceptibility of "et," the spontaneously mutating CD-1 derived nude mouse, to infection of M. lepraemurium. Source: Int. J. Lepr;67(1):46-51, Mar., 1999. ilus, graf. Abstract: We have studied the susceptibility to infection by Mycobacterium lepraemurium (MLM) of a nude, hypothymic, CD1-derived, spontaneous mouse mutant called [quot ]et[quot ] because of its extraterrestrial appearance. We found that despite their hypothymia, et/et mice were not more susceptible to infection by MLM than their euthymic et/+ counterparts. Infection of both et/et and et/+ mice with 50 x 10(6) bacilli by the intraperitoneal route led only to a mild infection with low levels of antimycobacterial antibodies and a small number of lesions. These lesions were indicative of reactive hepatitis and hyaline perisplenitis with lymphoid hyperplasia. Some small bacilliferous granulomas were also observed at the end of the experiment (5 months of infection). CD1 mice behave in a rather [quot ]resistant[quot ] manner to the infection by MLM. It is clear that the nu gene is not necessarily linked to the thymus defect, and it is also clear that the hypothymia of et/et mice does not obviously affect their general cell-mediated immune competence. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Mycobacterium lepraemurium/imunol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/fisiol Antígenos CD1/fisiol Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1999/pdf/v67n1/v67n1a06.pdf / en Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19143 Author: Hadler, W. A; Zitti, L. M. Title: Estudo da sensibilidade tubercul¡nica em cobaios normais inoculados experimentalmente com M. leprae, M. lepraemurium e M. tuberculosis / Study of tuberculin sensitivity in normal guinea pigs inoculated with M. leprae, M. lepraemurium and M. tuberculosis Source: Rev. bras. Leprol;21(4):341-364, dez. 1953. ^btab, ^bgraf. Abstract: The tuberculin sensitivity of 173 guinea-pigs was determined by testing with o,05 ml of 1/10 O.T. These animals were inculated with known doses of M. leprae or M. lepraemurium and the results were compared with reaction obtained in inoculated BCG., an in normal non-inoculated (control) guinea-pigs. The bacillary contents of the M. leprae and M. lepraemurium suspension were estimated by weighing the bacilli contained in 10-20 ml of the suspension, after chlorofrom separation. The guinea-pigs were divided in four groups: Group 1 - 59 guines-pigs inoculated with M. leprae suspensions as follows: a - 10 inoculated with suspension containing nearly 10.0 mg of bacilli by peritoneal route; b - 20 inoculated with suspension containing nearly 0.8 mg of bacilli by peritoneal route; c - 10 inoculated with suspension containing nearly 0.17 mg of bacilli by intra-cutaneous route; d - 19 inoculated with "lepromin" containing 0.074 mg of bacilli (in 0.1 ml) by intra-cutaneous route. Group 2 - 38 guinea-pigs inoculated with M. lepraemurium suspension as follows: a - 38 inoculated with suspensions containing nearly 10.0 mg of bacilli by peritoneal route; b - 18 inoculated with suspensions containing nearly 3.33 mg of bacilli by peritoneal route. Group 3 - 51 guinea-pigs inoculated with BCG. suspensions as follows: a - 20 inoculated with suspension containing 10.0 mg of bacilli by peritoneal route; b - 31 inoculated with suspension containing 40.0 mg of bacilly by peritoneal route. Group 4 - 25 normal‡, noninoculated, guinea-pigs (control-group). After inoculation tuberculin reaction was made periodically by intracutaneous injections of 0.05 ml of 1/10 O.T. The results show taht the inoculation of 0.8 mg and 10.0 mg of M. leprae, by peritoneal route, suscitated tuberculin hypersensitivity in guinea-pigs, which presents the following characteristics: 1 - slow development attaining is maximun 30 days after inoculation; 2 - weak tuberculin reactions in 60.0-65.0 per cent of the...(AU)^ien. Descriptors: Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/imunol Mycobacterium tuberculosis/imunol Limits: Humanos Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/1953/PDF/v21n4/v21n4a06.pdf / pt Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19078 Author: Planet, N; Oliveira Junior, B. S; Carvalho, C. M; Mauri, A. C. Title: Verificação da ação bactericida do "promin", "sulphetrone" e sulfanilamida sôbre "Mycobacterium lepraemurium" (aplicação do teste de redução do azul de metileno) / Verification of the bactericidal action of "promin", "sulphetrone and sulfanilamide on" Mycobacterium lepraemurium (applying the test of reduction of methylene blue) Source: Rev. bras. Leprol;20(3/4):214-217, set.-dez. 1952. ^btab. Abstract: The AA. have made bactericidal studies of drug solution (promin, sulphetrone and sulfanilamide) at 40 miligrams per 100 ml. upon M. lepraemurium suspensions and using the method described in previous report, they tested the capacity of these bacillary suspensions in reduce the methylene blue. By these method they failed to show any bactericidal activity of these drugs on the M. lepraemurium. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Mycobacterium lepraemurium/imunol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/fisiol Sulfanilamidas/uso diag Sulfanilamidas/imunol Azul de Metileno/uso diag Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/1952/PDF/v20n3-4/v20n3-4a07.pdf / pt Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19077 Author: Planet, N; Oliveira Junior, B. S; Carvalho, C. M; Mauri, A. C. Title: O comportamento do "Mycobacterium lepraemurium" nos testes de redução do azul de metileno e do tetrazólio / The behavior of "Mycobacterium lepraemurium in tests to reduce the methylene blue and tetrazolium Source: Rev. bras. Leprol;20(3/4):209-213, set.-dez. 1952. ^btab. Abstract: Using M. lepraemurium suspensions obtained from leproma of rats inoculated by subcutaneous route or from nodules of the peritoneal cavity, the AA. have tested the capacity of these bacilli in reduce the methylene blue and formation of formazan from the tetrazolium. The time or intensity of reduction of methylene blue or formation of formazan are proportional to the concentration of bacilli in the suspensions and is increased with the storage in the refrigerator at 1øC. In comparison with tests perfomed upon other acid fast bacilli the ones with M. lepraemurium are developed very slowly. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Mycobacterium lepraemurium/genet Mycobacterium lepraemurium/isol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/fisiol Azul de Metileno/sint quim Azul de Metileno/uso diag Limits: Animais Ratos Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/1952/PDF/v20n3-4/v20n3-4a06.pdf / pt Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19035 Author: Hadler, W. A. Title: Estudo histológico das lesões de lepra murina em involução / Histological study of lesions of murine leprosy in involution Source: Rev. bras. Leprol;19(2):75-83, jun. 1951. ^bilus. Abstract: The cytological and histological aspects showed by the involutive stage of the murine leprosy lesions has been considered and analised, in rats inoculated with M. leparemurium by the peritonial route and treated by some chemiotherapeutic agents. Under this condition there are alterations in the leprous cells and consequently in the general structure of the lesions. The cytological alterations has degenerative character (cytoplasmic micro-vacuolization; cromatolysis, cariolysis and picnosis of nucleous) and at the end of the process we can see frequently cellular necrosis. The alterations of general structure are determined by the cytological degenerative process which constitute less compact and disorganized lesions. The involution of lesions is continous; but in the scope to simplify the understanding, it has been considered theree different degrees of involutive stages: inicial (early), medial and final. At first (inicial degree) the involutive alteration of lesions are observed in the marginal area only; in the medial degree the central area is compromised too and in the final degree there are evidents structural alterations and the lesions diminuish to little sizes. At the end of involutive process the lesions disappear without sign of cicatricial residue; only in rare cases a little fibroblastic cicatricial nodule remain. In connexion with the histological alterations of involutive character there are numerical and morphologic alterations of bacilli. The microscopical aspects of involutive murine leprosy lesions are very resembling to the human leprosy beings in the same condition. In the involutive stage the most part of leprous cells become degenerated and disappear (celular necrosis); a few number of then, in another side, there are not distroyed by necrosis but show cytologic alterations taking the characters of R.E.S. cells. The observation of the records show all intermediated degrees between the typical leprous cells at one side and the normal...(AU)^ien. Descriptors: Mycobacterium lepraemurium/genet Mycobacterium lepraemurium/imunol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/fisiol Hanseníase/imunol Antígeno de Mitsuda/imunol Limits: Ratos Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/1951/PDF/v19n2a03.pdf / pt Location: BR191.1

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Id: 18832 Author: Hadler, W. A. Title: The action of electronegative colloidal particles on the inflammatory reaction induced by Mycobacterium leprae and M. lepraemurium in rats, guinea pigs and rabbits. Source: Rev. bras. Leprol;27(1):9-14, jan.-mar. 1959. ^bilus. Abstract: Estudou-se em ratos, cobaios e coelhos, a influência de partículas coloidais sôbre a estrutura das lesões produzidas por micobactérias. Suspensões de M. leprae, ou de M. lepraemurium, foram inoculadas concomitantemente com suspensões coloidais (azul da Prússia, azul de Tripan, ou carvão), nessas três espécies animais, por via intraperitoneal ou intradêrmica. As lesões formadas no local da inoculação e em vários órgãos foram estudadas histológicamante durante a evolução da reação inflamatória. No rato, as lesões provocadas pelas mistura de micobactérias e partículas elétro-negativas são mais intensas, mais localizadas e apresentam maior número de macrófagos, comparadas com as lesões dos animais controles, que recebem apenas micobactérias. Os macrófagos fagocitam os bacílos e atrocitam as partículas injetadas. Em algumas áreas das lesões há  indícios de lise dos bacílos e digestão das part¡culas, pelos macrófagos, o que ocorre nos animais contrôles. Nessas áreas, que são limitadas, os macrófagos após lisarem os bacílos se transformam em células de tipo epitelióide. Nessas circuntâncias, há  modificação do tipo de estrutura das lesões, porquanto aparecem áreas de aspecto tuberculóide no interior de lesões lepromatosas. No cobaio e no coelho, as partículas coloidais atuam em sentido oposto, tornando mais lenta a lise dos bacilos pelos macrófagos; como conseqüência a evolução das lesões é mais lenta. A estrutura histológica das lesões, no entanto, não é alterada. A modificação da estrutura das lesões, verificadas no rato inoculado com micobactérias em mistura com partículas elétronegativas, é provavelmente devida à ação estimulante dêsses dois elementos agindo conjuntamente; nestas circunstância, haveria ativação de sistemas enzímicos dos macrófagos, os quais seriam responsáveis pela lise das micobactérias. (AU)^ipt. Descriptors: Mycobacterium leprae/citol Mycobacterium leprae/fisiol Mycobacterium leprae/patogen Mycobacterium lepraemurium/citol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/metab Mycobacterium lepraemurium/fisiol Limits: Animais Ratos Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/brasleprol/1959/PDF/v27n1/v27n1a02.pdf / en Location: BR191.1

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Id: 18810 Author: Hadler, W. A; Ziti, L. M. Title: Ação da hialoronidase testicular sôbre a evolução da lepra murina. Source: Rev. bras. Leprol;26(2):107-109, abr.-jun. 1958. ^btab. Abstract: The effect of testicular hyaluronidasis on the evolution of murine leprosy was studied in rats, inoculated with M. lepraemurium by the intraperitoneal route. The results, which were based on the statistical analysis of the survical time and on teh evolution of the leprosy lesions show, that the hyaluronidasis, administred by the subcutaneous route (dose: 25 U each two days), does not modify the evolutive rate of the disease. This enzyme has neither determined more rapid bacillary dissemination, nor has influenced the leprous lesions or mycobacteria growth rate in the rat tissues. There is note interaction between hyaluronidasis and DDS treatment. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Mycobacterium lepraemurium/citol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/genet Mycobacterium lepraemurium/imunol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/fisiol Hanseníase/genet Hanseníase/imunol Limits: Camundongos Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/brasleprol/1958/PDF/v26n2/v26n2a03.pdf / pt Location: BR191.1

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Id: 18801 Author: Hadler, W. A; Ziti, L. M. Title: Modo de ação da dihidroestreptomicina e do 4-4' diaminodifenilsulfona na lepra murina. Source: Rev. bras. Leprol;26(1):33-45, jan.-mar. 1958. ^bilus, ^btab, ^bgraf. Abstract: Estudou-se, comparativamente, a ação do DDS e da Dihidroestreptomicina, em ratos inoculados co M. lepraemurium, por via intraperitoneal. Os animais foram divididos em 2 grupos: no primeiro, o tratamento teve in¡cio 7 dias após a inoculação e no grupo 2º grupo foi iniciado no 150º dia após a inoculação. Os ratos de cada grupo foram separados em 4 lotes: a) contrôle; b) tratado com DDS; c) tratado com DH-estreptomicina; d) tratado com DDS + DH-estreptomicina. Verificou-se a evolução histológica das lesões e a sobrevivência dos animais de todos os lotes, até o máximo de 724 dias. A sobrevivência foi analisada estatìsticamente, segundo uma experiência fatorial 2x2; além disso, determinou-se a linha de regressão da sobrevivência, nos animais do 1º grupo. Nos animais do grupo 1 verificou-se: a) o tratamento pelo DDS, ou pelo DH-estreptomicina ou pelo DDS + DH-estreptomicina, especialmente os dois últimos, aumentam a sobrevivência dos animais; b) a interação DDS - DH-estreptomicina ‚ significativa e tem valor negativo; c) a linha de regressão da sobrevivência difere significativamente nos animais tratados com DDS em relação aos tratados com DH-estreptomicina; d) nos ratos tratados com DDS alterações da estrutura e da evolução das lesões histológicas surgem no 240º dia de tratamento, enquanto que nos tratados ou DH-estreptomicina, ou DH-estreptomicina + DDS, h  inibição da evolução já  observável no 60º dia; a ação do DDS ‚ mais tardia que a da DH-estreptomicina. Nos animais do grupo 2 os tratamentos não influiram na sobrevivência, mas modificaram a aspecto histológico das lesões. Com o tratamento pelo DDS ou DDS + DH-estreptomicina surgem lesões em involução já  no 90º dia de tratamento; com o tratamento pela DH-espreptomicina lesões em involução são observadas sómente no 250º dia. A ação do DDS ‚ mais precoce que a exercida pela DH-espreptomicina, nestas circuntâncias. Estes fatos sugerem que o mecanismo de ação do DDS e da DH-estreptomicina...(AU)^ipt. Descriptors: Mycobacterium lepraemurium/citol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/fisiol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/virol Estreptomicina/uso terap Sulfonas/uso terap Limits: Ratos Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/brasleprol/1958/PDF/v26n1/v26n1a04.pdf / pt Location: BR191.1

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Id: 18799 Author: Hadler, W. A; Ziti, L. M. Title: Relação entre a dose de M. lepraemurium experimentalmente inoculada e a sobrevivência de ratos tratados e não tratados pela 4-4' diaminodifenilsulfona. Source: Rev. bras. Leprol;26(1):19-25, jan.-mar. 1958. ^btab, ^bgraf. Abstract: Grupos de ratos com 90-120 g de pêso foram inoculados, por via intraperitoneal, com suspensão de M. lepraemurium contendo 5,7 mg, 2,85 mg ou 0,57 mg de bacilos. Uma parte dos animais de cada grupo foi tratada co DDS (tratamento iniciado 7 dias após a inoculação) permanecendo os animais restantes sem tratamento. Baseado no estudo histológico da evolução das lesões e na sobrevivência foram analisados estat¡sticamente (análise de variância e linha de regressão de sobrevivência), tendo-se verificado: a) o tratamento sulfônico aumenta a sobrevivência dos animais; b) o aumento da sobrevivência devido ao tratamento ‚ independente da dose de bacilos inoculada; c) a sobrevivência dos animais nâo tratados depende da dose de bacilos inoculada, sendo tanto maior quanto menor a dose e vice-versa, d) nos animais não tratados a relação entre a sobrevivência e o log. da dose de bacilos ‚ linear, dentro dos limites usados, o que permite efetuar dosagem biológica do inóculo, conhecendo-se a sobrevivência dos animais; e) os resultados de tratamento sulfônico são tanto mais evidentes quanto maior a dose do inóculo. Sendo linear a regressão dose do inóculo-sobrevivência, nos animais não tratados, calculou-se, com base nesses resultados, o ritmo de multiplicação do M. lepraemurium, obtendo-se o seguinte valor médio: 55,1 dias (+/- 4,1 para intervalos de confiança de 5%). O valor obtido mostra que o ritmo de reprodução do bacilo ‚ lento. Os resultados foram discutidos com relação ao mecanismo de ação de DDS na lepra murina. (AU)^ipt. Descriptors: Mycobacterium lepraemurium/genet Mycobacterium lepraemurium/imunol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/fisiol Sulfonas/imunol Sulfonas/uso terap Hanseníase/imunol Limits: Camundongos Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/brasleprol/1958/PDF/v26n1/v26n1a02.pdf / pt Location: BR191.1

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Id: 18798 Author: Hadler, W. A; Ziti, L. M. Title: BCG action upon the evolutive rate of the disease shown by the golden hamster (Criscetus auratus) experimentally infected with Mycobacterium lepraemurium. Source: Rev. bras. Leprol;26(1):11-18, jan.-mar. 1958. ^btab, ^bgraf. Abstract: Foi estudada influência da vacinação com o BCG sôbre a evolução da moléstia produzida em "Hamster" (Criscetus auratus) pela inoculação de M. lepraemurium. 15 "Hamster" foram injetados por via subcutanea com 20 mg de BCG (morto pelo aquecimento) e após 22 dias foram inoculados por via intraperitonial com, aproximadamente 5 mg de M. lepraemurium. 14 outros animais foram injetados com a mesma dose de M. lepraemurium, (contrôles). O tempo de sobrevida e as lesões patológicas dos 2 grupos de animais foram estudados. A linha de regressão e o tempo de sobrevida (% de animais mortos em relação ao tempo) revelou diferença significante nos 2 grupos de animais. Estas diferenças são devidas a um tempo de sobrevida mais prolongado, que se observa noa animais não vacinados. A vacinação prévia com o BCG acelera o ritmo evolutivo da infecção experimental pelo M. lepraemurium no "Hamster". O estudo histológico das lesães revela que, a fase inicial da moléstia, cujas lesães possuem um aspecto involutivo, ‚ mais curta no grupo dos animais vacinados. Em conseqüência, lesões tardias são observadas precocemente e o desenvolvimento da moléstia ‚ mais rápido. O ritmo evolutivo das lesães tardias não ‚ aparentemente modificado pela administração do BCG. È evidente que, nas lesães iniciais nos animais contrôles o macrófago ‚ capaz de lisar o M. lepraemurium apesar desta lise ser lenta. As propriedades líticas do macrófago não são ativadas pela vacinação com o BCG, ao contrário do que ocorre com os macrófagos do cobaio. (AU)^ipt. Descriptors: Mycobacterium lepraemurium/imunol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/fisiol Vacina BCG/uso diag Vacina BCG/imunol Vacina BCG/farmacol Hanseníase/imunol Hanseníase/fisiopatol Limits: Camundongos Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/brasleprol/1958/PDF/v26n1/v26n1a01.pdf / pt Location: BR191.1

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Id: 18614 Author: Hadler, W. A; Ziti, L. M. Title: Estudo da reação da lepromina no rato prèviamente inoculado co M. lepraemurium e com M. tuberculosis (BCG) / Study of the lepromin reaction in rats previously inoculated with M. lepraemurium and M. tuberculosis (BCG) Source: Rev. bras. Leprol;23(1/4):53-75, jan.-dec. 1955. ^bilus, ^btab, ^bgraf. Abstract: The influence of previous inoculation of mycobacteria on the results of lepromin reactions is studied in rats. This animal, when normal always shows a macroscopically and histological negative lepromin reaction. A comparative study was made between normal, adult rats (controls) and rats, previously injected by the intra-peritoneal route with about 5 mg of M. lepraemurium or 5,5 mg of M. tuberculosis (BCG strain)...(AU)^ien. Descriptors: Antígeno de Mitsuda/bios Antígeno de Mitsuda/quim Antígeno de Mitsuda/imunol Antígeno de Mitsuda/fisiol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/ef drogas Mycobacterium lepraemurium/fisiol Mycobacterium tuberculosis/ef drogas Mycobacterium tuberculosis/fisiol Limits: Animais Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/brasleprol/1955/PDF/v23n1-4a04.pdf / pt Location: BR191.1

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Id: 18592 Author: Hadler, W. A; Ziti, L. M. Title: Efeito da vacinação pelo BCG sôbre a evolução da lepra murina; observação em ratos inoculados, por via peritoneal, com pequena dose de M. lepraemurium / Effect of BCG vaccination on the evolution of murine leprosy; observation in mice inoculated by peritoneal route, with a small dose of M. lepraemurium Source: Rev. bras. Leprol;22(2):124-134, jun. 1954. ^bilus, ^bgraf. Abstract: The peritoneal inoculation of M. lepraemurium in the rat produces generalized lesions and a disease which shows uniforms evolution. The evolutive speed depends on the weight of inoculated bacilli. The incoculations of nearly o.03 mg of M. lepraemurium provokes only histological lesions, which progress very slowly. This slow evolution permits the observation of the influence of previous mycobacterial vaccination upon the progress and the influence of the citology of the lesions, allowing the study of the acquired resistance. Fifty young rats were divided in 4 lots: 1) 13 rats vaccinated with 25 mg of BCG by oral route; 2) 12 rats vaccinated with 5 mg of BCG, by oral route; 3) 12 rats vaccinated with 5 mg of BCG, by intramuscular route; 4) 13 non vaccinated rats (controls). All animals were inoculated 90 days after vaccination with a suspension containing approximately 0.03 mg of M. lepraemurium (by peritoneal route) and observed 450 days. The gain of weight and the histological picture observed in vaccinated and control animals are identicals; the disease shows the same evolution. The BCG vaccination does not suscitate, in the rat, acquired resistance against M. lepraemurium demonstrable by histological methods. The lesions in the vaccinated and control groups reach the same intensity in the lymph nodes, liver and apleen, and show the same slow evolution. In the animals of both groups the lesions remain almost stationary (during the all observed time), or grow slowly and progressively, or more rarely undergo involution (without complete disappearing). The histological method also shows that macrophages of the normal rat have no ability to destroy the M. lepraemurium, M. leprae and M. tuberculosis; the BCG vaccination does not induce at the macrophages the aptitude to lyse these acid-fast bacilli. On the other hand, the macrophages of normal guinea pigs have the ability to lyse these mycobacteria; the BCG vaccination provokes in the guinea pigs this physiologic...(AU)^ien. Descriptors: Mycobacterium lepraemurium/genet Mycobacterium lepraemurium/fisiol Mycobacterium lepraemurium/patogen Mycobacterium bovis/patogen Hanseníase/imunol Hanseníase/fisiopatol Limits: Animais Electronic Medium: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/brasleprol/1954/PDF/v22n2/v22n2a02.pdf / pt Location: BR191.1

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Id: 17553 Author: Bottasso, O. A; Morini, J. C Title: Imunopatologia de la lepra Immunopathology of leprosy- Source: s.l; s.n; 1989. 3 p. . Abstract: Se comentan los estudios en convivientes íntimos de enfermos de Lepra, donde se observó una relación inversa entre grado y tiempo de exposición al Mycobacterium leprae (MI) y la magnitud de la respuesta inmune in vivo hacia el bacilo (reacción de Mitsuda); esta variable por otro lado, se halla influenciada por un importante grado de determinación genética. En un modelo murino experimental, la artritis por adyuvante, también se comprobó que el tratamiento con MI inducia una población de células esplénicas supresoras, con actividad regulatoria sobre la respuesta inmune celular. Se plantean además, las posible alteraciones inmunorregulatorias involucradas con la excesiva respuesta humoral que sirve de sustrato para la generación del episodio de eritema nudoso leproso (ENL) (AU). Descriptors: Imunidade Celular Formação de Anticorpos HANSENIASE/genet HANSENIASE/imunol ARTRITE EXPERIMENTAL/terap TRANSFORMACAO LINFOCITICA ANTIGENO DE MITSUDA/imunol MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAEMURIUM/imunol Limits: HUMANO ANIMAL RATOS Location: BR191.1; 09332/s

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Id: 17462 Author: Kato, L; Ishaque, M Title: Culture et infectivité des mycobactéries scotochromogènes isolées à partir des tissus lépreux de rats ?- Source: s.l; s.n; s.d. 7p p. . Descriptors: MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/isol MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/patogen MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAEMURIUM/isol MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAEMURIUM/patogen Limits: RELATO DE CASO Location: BR191.1; 01954/s

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Id: 17419 Author: Hobbs, H. E; Harman, D. J; Rees, J. W; McDougall, A. C Title: Ocular histopathology in animals experimentally infected with Mycobacterium leprae and M. lepraemurium ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 1978. 9 p. ilus, tab. Abstract: At varying periods of time following the successful establishment of systemic infections with Mycobacterium leprae or M. lepraemurium in the mouse and the nine-banded armadillo eyes were examined by light microscopy. Inoculation of bacilli was by the intravenous or intraperitoneal route or directly into the hind footpads; eyes were not directly inoculated in this study. During periods of up to 3 years under laboratory conditions no animal showed evidence of impaired vision or blindness, and the external appearance of both eyes was normal. The ocular histopathology and the sites of accumulation of bacilli are described. In immunologically normal mice infected with M. lepraemurium bacilli were much commoner in extraorbital tissues, but they were, nevertheless, found in various tissues within the orbit, including the ciliary body and sclera. In immunologically normal mice (and one rat) injected with M. leprae of human origin no bacilli were found in the eye, but in mice immunologically depressed by thymectomy and total body irradiation considerable numbers of bacilli were present in the iris and ciliary body and also in the limbal cornea. In the armadillo bacilli were found in large numbers in virtually all tissues except the lens, retina, optic nerve, and aqueous and vitreous humours, but the uveal tract was heavily involved. Findings are discussed in relation to the great frequency of ocular involvement and the importance of immune-complex disease in patients with lepromatous leprosy, and to factors which may favour the localisation and multiplication of Mycobacterium leprae in the eye. (AU). Descriptors: MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAEMURIUM/cresc MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAEMURIUM/patogen OLHO/patol Limits: ANIMAL Location: BR191.1; 00635/s

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Id: 17197 Author: Mukerji, A. Title: Differentiation of the human and rat leprosy bacilli by irradiation. Source: Lepr Ind;23(4):196-198, oct., 1951. tab. Abstract: The acid-fast property of human leprosy bacilli is significantly altered when exposed for five hours in the sun, two hours in the infra-red or ultra-violet rays or half an the roentgen rays (42r) from a 150 K. V. P. plant. Under similar conditions rat leprosy bacilli are not affected as far as their acid-fast property is concerned (AU). Descriptors: MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAEMURIUM/ef rad MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/isol MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/ef rad Location: BR191.1

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Id: 16734 Author: Naguib, M; Robson, J. M. Title: The infectivity of M. leprae murium kept for various periods on the bench snd in the refrigerator. Source: Int. J. Lepr;25(2):126-129, Apr.-Jun. 1957. . Abstract: M. leprae murium in a Tween-saline suspension stored for 1 to 6 days, and in lepromatous tissue kept for 1, 2 and 3 weks, whether on the bench or in the refrigerator, remmained alive and were capable of producing infection. This was also true of a suspension prepared from the 3-week-old leproma and heated for 2 hours at 60°C. before inoculation, although the latent period was greatly prolonged. These materials were tested by intracorneal inoculation in mice. (AU). Descriptors: HANSENIASE/clas HANSENIASE/diag MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAEMURIUM/clas Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1

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Id: 16682 Author: Hilson, G. R. F; Elek, S. D. Title: Intratesticular multiplication of Mycobacterium leprae murium in normal and suramin-treated animals. Source: Int. J. Lepr;25(4):380-391, Oct.-Dec. 1957. tab, graf. Abstract: A technique is described for the intratesticular inoculation in mice and rats of suspensions of M. leprae murium, and for subsequent quantitative assessment of bacterial multiplication by counting the numbers of stained bacilli in homogenates of testes from animals killed at inervals. The method is convenient to carry out, and a statistical assessment shows that considerable accuracy is attainable. Bacilli from an 18-month-old rat leproma, transferred to a different host species, the mouse, showed a "lag" phase of 2-5 weeks in its multiplication, succeeded by a logarithmic phase which ciontinued for a further 2-3 months. On the other hand, when rat testes were inoculated with bacilli from a 7-month-old rat-testis leproma, the logarithmic phase was entered at once. The mean generation time in this phase was 7-8 days in rats, and 10 days in mice. During the "lag" phase a transient but significant increase in average bacillus length occurred. Suramin treatment of mice enhanced the growth of the bacilli in them. In rats, however, its effect was to decrease the rate of multiplication. (AU). Descriptors: HANSENIASE/clas MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAEMURIUM/clas Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1

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Id: 16574 Author: Yamamoto, Y; Nishiura, M; Harada, N; Imaeda, T. Title: Electron microscopy of Mycobacterium leprae murium in ultra-thin sections of murine leprosy lesions. Source: Int. J. Lepr;26(2):111-114, Apr.Jun. 1958. ilus. Abstract: 1- Lepromas of murine leprosy were studied in ultra-thin sections with the electron microscope. 2- The cell wall, cytoplasm and nuclear elements of M. leprae murium are described. 3- Around each bacillus there is a distinct electron-transparent zone which distinguishes them from other cytoplasmic components of the leproma cells. 4- Foamy structures as are seen in human lepra cells were not observed. (AU). Descriptors: HANSENIASE MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAEMURIUM/clas ANTIGENO DE MITSUDA/ef adv ANTIGENO DE MITSUDA/clas Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1

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